How to Offer Support

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Sometimes it’s hard to know how to respond when someone tells us that they are struggling or that something bad happened. It can also be hard to know when to reach out to someone we're worried about. Sometimes we don’t know what to say, how their response will make us feel or how we’ll come across. It’s important to not ignore our own distress, and it’s important to not ignore someone else’s struggle.

Traumatic Events

When bad things happen and we need someone to talk to, it’s most likely that we will turn to someone close to us to talk about��our experience. How that person responds matters. If the response is negative, it may shut someone down or increase the impact of a traumatic event. If the response it positive, it can help a person feel hopeful.

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Here are some important things that we can do to support someone��who discloses a traumatic or disruptive life event:

Check on their safety and help them address any immediate safety concerns.
Actively listen and seek to understand their feelings and needs.
Reflect back what you hear.
- This helps to clarify understanding and shows that you are really listening.
Normalize and validate their feelings.
- This doesn’t mean normalizing the bad thing that happened but rather affirming that their response to it is understandable.
- People respond to traumatic events differently and however��someone is feeling or acting (e.g. laughing, crying, no emotion, etc.) is normal.
Keep calm and avoid having your own emotional response interfere. Your job isn’t to “fix” the person, make them feel better, or take their pain away. Your job is simply to listen.
Recognize your own internal judgment and how it may affect your response.
- Having judgment about what someone could have done differently is normal, but we need to keep from verbalizing that judgment, as it is likely to increase defensiveness, shame, and self-blame for the person disclosing something traumatic.
Avoid a tone of voice or any actions that would escalate their response or the situation.
Follow their lead and let them decide what they need.
- This means we don’t want to tell them what to do or how to feel.
Help them explore options and choices for additional support or next steps, but don’t pressure them to take action.
If you are a member of the �鶹��Ѱ��community who has an obligation to report, let them know that you must contact the�� when it comes to discrimination, harassment, sexual misconduct, intimate partner abuse, or stalking,��but that they still have a choice in whether to follow-up or take additional action.
For more information on how to help someone who discloses a traumatic event, please visit the Office of Victim Assistance (OVA)��how to help page.
Learn more about how��to talk with students when problems arise.
Learn ways to be an ally to Black people and communities of color.

When you’re worried about someone

Life can be stressful. It may be difficult to tell whether someone��is dealing with the usual life stressors or if they are facing something more serious.��.

Signs that may be cause for concern:

Feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness
Withdrawal from friends, family, work, school or social activities that used to be enjoyable
Changes in eating or sleeping patterns
Anger, rage, or extreme reactions to certain situations
Trouble concentrating, thinking or making decisions, or suddenly struggling
Restless, irritable, agitated, or anxious movements or behaviors
Ceasing to care about appearance or about keeping up with personal hygiene
Reckless or impulsive behaviors such as excessive spending or risky behavior
Increased use of alcohol or other drugs
Persistent physical symptoms such as headaches, digestive problems, or chronic pain that do not respond to treatment

It is important to provide your support, but you are not responsible for fixing the problem. Think of it this way: if someone had a broken arm, you couldn’t fix it yourself, but you probably wouldn’t ignore it.

Here are some ways to approach someone that you are concerned about:

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Check in and listen:

Express your concerns based on what you’ve noticed.

“You haven’t been yourself lately. You seem really down and haven’t been hanging out with friends. Is there anything you want to talk about?”

If they open up, listen and don’t change the subject.

“I’m glad that you are telling me.”

"I may not understand exactly how you feel, but I hear what you are struggling with and want to help.”

Just listening empathically and allowing a person to talk about their problems can be very helpful.��Resist the temptation to give advice or dismiss their concerns.��Ask them what you can do to help.

Offer resources for support without pressuring them to seek help if they aren’t ready.

“T��re are good resources on campus. Can I help you find someone to talk to?”

“ provides support after a traumatic event and I’ve heard they are a wonderful resource.”

“T�� is a valuable resource for talking through something like this.”

Access emergency and crisis care��or call 911 if immediate assistance is needed.

Be prepared for all possible reactions:

Your friend or colleague may not react to your concern in a positive way. They may:
- Deny that anything is wrong
- Be unready to seek help
- Become defensive or angry
Don’t take a negative reaction personally.
- Be patient and let them know that you are available if they want to talk.
- It may be helpful to ask them about what, specifically, is stopping them from seeking help.
- If they are��unwilling to get help and you are still concerned and unsure what to do, you can contact a campus resource to get advice about the situation.

Take care of yourself:

Some people get so caught up in worrying about others that it starts to negatively affect them.
Remember, taking on someone's��problems or trying to solve them yourself isn't actually helpful.
If you are feeling overwhelmed, support services on campus like OVA��(Office of Victim Assistance),��CAPS (Counseling and Psychiatric Services), and FSAP (Faculty and Staff Assistance Program) are available for you, too.

Take suicidal thoughts seriously:

If someone is talking around suicide (e.g. “I just don’t feel like living” or “I can’t go on like this”), ask them directly if they are thinking of hurting themselves.
Never promise to keep someone’s suicidal thoughts or behaviors private.
Whether you or someone you know is having a hard time, it’s important to reach out for help. Find out more about how to access support or help a fellow Buff.

“I am listening. This is important.”

“I’m glad you told me. We need to get help.”